<?xml version='1.0'?>

<reference anchor='RFC2001'>

<front>
<title abbrev='TCP'>TCP Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, Fast Retransmit, and Fast Recovery Algorithms</title>
<author initials='W.R.' surname='Stevens' fullname='W. Richard Stevens'>
<organization />
<address>
<postal>
<street>1202 E. Paseo del Zorro</street>
<street>Tucson</street>
<street>AZ  85718</street></postal>
<phone>520-297-9416</phone>
<email>rstevens@noao.edu</email>
<uri>http://www.noao.edu/~rstevens</uri></address></author>
<date month='January' year='1997' />
<area>Transport</area>
<keyword>slow start</keyword>
<keyword>congestion</keyword>
<keyword>transmission control protocol</keyword>
<abstract>
<t>
   Modern implementations of TCP contain four intertwined algorithms
   that have never been fully documented as Internet standards:  slow
   start, congestion avoidance, fast retransmit, and fast recovery.  
   and  provide some details on these algorithms,  provides
   examples of the algorithms in action, and  provides the source
   code for the 4.4BSD implementation.  RFC 1122 requires that a TCP
   must implement slow start and congestion avoidance (Section 4.2.2.15
   of ), citing  as the reference, but fast retransmit and fast
   recovery were implemented after RFC 1122.  The purpose of this
   document is to document these four algorithms for the Internet.
</t></abstract></front>

<seriesInfo name='RFC' value='2001' />
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</reference>
